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Abstract

Introduction

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a rare condition with a high case fatality rate. While most patients suffer from one single episode in life, there is anecdotal evidence for recurrent infection.

Aim

The German National Reference Laboratory for Meningococci and (NRZMHi) analysed IMD cases from 2002 to 2018 to retrospectively quantify the risk of recurrent infection.

Methods

Recurrent IMD was defined as detection of in a sample of the same patient more than 30 days after the first episode of IMD.

Results

Among 5,854 patients with a median observation period of 9.4 years, 14 suffered a second IMD episode and one patient a third one. The risk of a recurrent IMD was 29.4 per 100,000 person-years for survivors of the first episode. Rare serogroups (Y, W, E and Z) were more common in patients with recurrent IMD (p < 0.0001).

Discussion

Patients surviving IMD were at least at a 50-fold risk of another IMD episode compared with the general population. The study most likely underestimated the risk of recurrent infection. Increased risk may be due to undiagnosed complement deficiencies. The high risk of re-infection argues for vaccination of patients who have survived IMD.

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2020-06-25
2024-12-30
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Recurrent invasive meningococcal infections – quantifying the risk, Germany, 2002 to 2018
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Manuel+Krone&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Krone Manuel</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Thi%C3%AAn-Tr%C3%AD+L%C3%A2m&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Lâm Thiên-Trí</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Heike+Claus&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Claus Heike</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Ulrich+Vogel&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Vogel Ulrich</a></span>. Recurrent invasive meningococcal infections – quantifying the risk, Germany, 2002 to 2018. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2020;25(25):pii=1900565. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.25.1900565" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.25.1900565</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 10 Sept 2019;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 10 Jan 2020 </span> </p>
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