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- Volume 28, Issue 4, 26/Jan/2023
Eurosurveillance - Volume 28, Issue 4, 26 January 2023
Volume 28, Issue 4, 2023
- Rapid communication
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Low SARS-CoV-2 Cq values in healthcare workers with symptomatic COVID-19 infections, regardless of symptom severity, The Netherlands, January to August 2022
We analysed SARS-CoV-2 PCR Cq values from 3,183 healthcare workers who tested positive between January and August 2022. Median Cq values were lower in symptomatic than in asymptomatic HCW. The difference in Cq values between HCW with mild vs moderate/severe symptoms was statistically significant but negligibly small. To prevent nosocomial infections, all symptomatic HCW should be tested irrespective of symptom severity. This information can support decisions on testing and isolation, in the context of ongoing pressure on healthcare systems.
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- Surveillance
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Effect of neuraminidase inhibitor (oseltamivir) treatment on outcome of hospitalised influenza patients, surveillance data from 11 EU countries, 2010 to 2020
Cornelia Adlhoch , Concepción Delgado-Sanz , AnnaSara Carnahan , Amparo Larrauri , Odette Popovici , Nathalie Bossuyt , Isabelle Thomas , Jan Kynčl , Pavel Slezak , Mia Brytting , Raquel Guiomar , Monika Redlberger-Fritz , Jackie Maistre Melillo , Tanya Melillo , Arianne B. van Gageldonk-Lafeber , Sierk D. Marbus , Joan O’Donnell , Lisa Domegan , Joana Gomes Dias and Sonja J. OlsenBackgroundTimely treatment with neuraminidase inhibitors (NAI) can reduce severe outcomes in influenza patients.
AimWe assessed the impact of antiviral treatment on in-hospital deaths of laboratory-confirmed influenza patients in 11 European Union countries from 2010/11 to 2019/20.
MethodsCase-based surveillance data from hospitalised patients with known age, sex, outcome, ward, vaccination status, timing of antiviral treatment, and hospitalisation were obtained. A mixed effect logistic regression model using country as random intercept was applied to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for in-hospital death in patients treated with NAIs vs not treated.
ResultsOf 19,937 patients, 31% received NAIs within 48 hours of hospital admission. Older age (60–79 years aOR 3.0, 95% CI: 2.4–3.8; 80 years 8.3 (6.6–10.5)) and intensive care unit admission (3.8, 95% CI: 3.4–4.2) increased risk of dying, while early hospital admission after symptom onset decreased risk (aOR 0.91, 95% CI: 0.90–0.93). NAI treatment initiation within 48 hours and up to 7 days reduced risk of dying (0–48 hours aOR 0.51, 95% CI: 0.45–0.59; 3–4 days 0.59 (0.51–0.67); 5–7 days 0.64 (0.56–0.74)), in particular in patients 40 years and older (e.g. treatment within 48 hours: 40–59 years aOR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.28–0.66; 60–79 years 0.50 (0.39–0.63); ≥80 years 0.51 (0.42–0.63)).
ConclusionNAI treatment given within 48 hours and possibly up to 7 days after symptom onset reduced risk of in-hospital death. NAI treatment should be considered in older patients to prevent severe outcomes.
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- Research
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Association of SARS-CoV-2 viral load distributions with individual demographics and suspected variant type: results from the Liverpool community testing pilot, England, 6 November 2020 to 8 September 2021
BackgroundThe PCR quantification cycle (Cq) is a proxy measure of the viral load of a SARS-CoV-2-infected individual.
AimTo investigate if Cq values vary according to different population characteristics, in particular demographic ones, and within the COVID-19 pandemic context, notably the SARS-CoV-2 type/variant individuals get infected with.
MethodsWe considered all positive PCR results from Cheshire and Merseyside, England, between 6 November 2020 and 8 September 2021. Cq distributions were inspected with Kernel density estimates. Multivariable quantile regression models assessed associations between people’s features and Cq.
ResultsWe report Cq values for 188,821 SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals. Median Cqs increased with decreasing age for suspected wild-type virus and Alpha variant infections, but less so, if not, for Delta. For example, compared to 30–39-year-olds (median age group), 5–11-year-olds exhibited 1.8 (95% CI: 1.5 to 2.1), 2.2 (95% CI: 1.8 to 2.6) and 0.8 (95% CI: 0.6 to 0.9) higher median Cqs for suspected wild-type, Alpha and Delta positives, respectively, in multivariable analysis. 12–18-year-olds also had higher Cqs for wild-type and Alpha positives, however, not for Delta. Overall, in univariable analysis, suspected Delta positives reported 2.8 lower median Cqs than wild-type positives (95% CI: 2.7 to 2.8; p < 0.001). Suspected Alpha positives had 1.5 (95% CI: 1.4 to 1.5; p < 0.001) lower median Cqs than wild type.
ConclusionsWild-type- or Alpha-infected school-aged children (5–11-year-olds) might transmit less than adults (> 18 years old), but have greater mixing exposures. Smaller differences in viral loads with age occurred in suspected Delta infections. Suspected-Alpha- or Delta-infections involved higher viral loads than wild type, suggesting increased transmission risk. COVID-19 control strategies should consider age and dominant variant.
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- Letter
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Letter to the editor: Importance of considering high-risk behaviours in COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness estimates with observational studies
Takeshi Arashiro , Yuzo Arima , Jin Kuramochi , Hirokazu Muraoka , Akihiro Sato , Kumi Chubachi , Kunihiro Oba , Atsushi Yanai , Hiroko Arioka , Yuki Uehara , Genei Ihara , Yasuyuki Kato , Naoki Yanagisawa , Yoshito Nagura , Hideki Yanai , Akihiro Ueda , Akira Numata , Hideaki Kato , Hideaki Oka , Yusuke Nishida , Takao Ooki , Yuki Nidaira , Ashley Stucky , Tadaki Suzuki , Chris Smith , Martin Hibberd , Koya Ariyoshi and Motoi Suzuki
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 29 (2024)
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Volume 28 (2023)
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Volume 27 (2022)
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Volume 26 (2021)
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Volume 25 (2020)
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Volume 24 (2019)
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Volume 23 (2018)
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Volume 22 (2017)
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Volume 21 (2016)
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Volume 20 (2015)
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Volume 19 (2014)
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Volume 18 (2013)
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Volume 17 (2012)
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Volume 16 (2011)
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Volume 15 (2010)
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Volume 14 (2009)
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Volume 13 (2008)
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Volume 12 (2007)
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Volume 11 (2006)
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Volume 10 (2005)
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Volume 9 (2004)
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Volume 8 (2003)
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Volume 7 (2002)
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Volume 6 (2001)
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Volume 5 (2000)
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Volume 4 (1999)
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Volume 3 (1998)
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Volume 2 (1997)
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Volume 1 (1996)
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Volume 0 (1995)
Most Read This Month
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Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR
Victor M Corman , Olfert Landt , Marco Kaiser , Richard Molenkamp , Adam Meijer , Daniel KW Chu , Tobias Bleicker , Sebastian Brünink , Julia Schneider , Marie Luisa Schmidt , Daphne GJC Mulders , Bart L Haagmans , Bas van der Veer , Sharon van den Brink , Lisa Wijsman , Gabriel Goderski , Jean-Louis Romette , Joanna Ellis , Maria Zambon , Malik Peiris , Herman Goossens , Chantal Reusken , Marion PG Koopmans and Christian Drosten
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