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Abstract

The 2024/25 influenza season in Europe is currently characterised by co-circulation of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses, with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 predominating. Interim vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates from eight European studies (17 countries) indicate an all-age influenza A VE of 32–53% in primary care and 33–56% in hospital settings, with some signals of lower VE by subtype and higher VE against influenza B (≥ 58% across settings). Where feasible, influenza vaccination should be encouraged and other prevention measures strengthened.

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2025-02-20
2025-02-26
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Interim 2024/25 influenza vaccine effectiveness: eight European studies, September 2024 to January 2025
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Angela+MC+Rose&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Rose Angela MC</a>, <a href="/search?value1=H%C3%A9lo%C3%AFse+Lucaccioni&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Lucaccioni Héloïse</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Kimberly+Marsh&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Marsh Kimberly</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Freja+Kirsebom&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Kirsebom Freja</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Heather+Whitaker&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Whitaker Heather</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Hanne-Dorthe+Emborg&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Emborg Hanne-Dorthe</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Amanda+Bolt+Botnen&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Bolt Botnen Amanda</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Mark+G+O%E2%80%99Doherty&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">O’Doherty Mark G</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Francisco+Pozo&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Pozo Francisco</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Safraj+Shahul+Hameed&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Hameed Safraj Shahul</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Nick+Andrews&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Andrews Nick</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Mark+Hamilton&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Hamilton Mark</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Ramona+Trebbien&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Trebbien Ramona</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Karina+Lauenborg+M%C3%B8ller&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Lauenborg Møller Karina</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Diogo+FP+Marques&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Marques Diogo FP</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Siobhan+Murphy&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Murphy Siobhan</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Ross+McQueenie&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">McQueenie Ross</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Jamie+Lopez-Bernal&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Lopez-Bernal Jamie</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Simon+Cottrell&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Cottrell Simon</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Magda+Bucholc&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Bucholc Magda</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Esther+Kissling&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Kissling Esther</a>, <a href="/search?value1=European+IVE+group&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">European IVE group</a></span>. Interim 2024/25 influenza vaccine effectiveness: eight European studies, September 2024 to January 2025. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2025;30(7):pii=2500102. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.7.2500102" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.7.2500102</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 11 Feb 2025;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 19 Feb 2025 </span> </p>
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