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Abstract

Background

Across the World Health Organization European Region, there are few estimates of the proportion of people seeking medical care for influenza-like illness or acute respiratory infections and who have laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza infection.

Methods

We conducted a meta-analysis of data extracted from studies published between 2004 and 2017 and from sentinel data from the European surveillance system (TESSy) between 2004 and 2018. We pooled within-season estimates by influenza type/subtype, setting (outpatient (OP)/inpatient (IP)) and age group to estimate the proportion of people tested who have laboratory-confirmed and medically-attended seasonal influenza in Europe.

Results

In the literature review, the pooled proportion for all influenza types was 33% (95% confidence interval (CI): 30–36), higher among OP 36% (95% CI: 33–40) than IP 24% (95% CI: 20–29). Pooled estimates for all influenza types by age group were: 0–17 years, 26% (22–31); 18–64 years, 41% (32–50); ≥ 65 years, 33% (27–40). From TESSy data, 33% (31–34) of OP and 24% (21–27) of IP were positive. The highest proportion of influenza A was in people aged 18–64 years (22%, 16–29). By subtype, A(H1N1)pdm09 was highest in 18–64 year-olds (16%, 11–21%) whereas A(H3N2) was highest in those ≥ 65 years (10%, 2–22). For influenza B, the highest proportion of infections was in those aged 18–64 years (15%, 9–24).

Conclusions

Laboratory-confirmed influenza accounted for approximately one third of all acute respiratory infections for which medical care was sought during the influenza season.

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Spotlight influenza: Laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza in people with acute respiratory illness: a literature review and meta-analysis, WHO European Region, 2004 to 2017
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Sara+Belazi&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Belazi Sara</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Sonja+J+Olsen&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Olsen Sonja J</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Caroline+Brown&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Brown Caroline</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Helen+K+Green&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Green Helen K</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Piers+Mook&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Mook Piers</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Jonathan+Nguyen-Van-Tam&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Nguyen-Van-Tam Jonathan</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Pasi+Penttinen&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Penttinen Pasi</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Louise+Lansbury&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Lansbury Louise</a></span>. Spotlight influenza: Laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza in people with acute respiratory illness: a literature review and meta-analysis, WHO European Region, 2004 to 2017. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2021;26(39):pii=2000343. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.39.2000343" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.39.2000343</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 13 Mar 2020;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 08 Dec 2020 </span> </p>
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.39.2000343
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.39.2000343
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