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Abstract

Background

Despite progress in the management of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) it causes significant mortality and sequelae.

Aim

This study aims to describe the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of IMD in Cyprus and discuss the current immunisation programmes.

Methods

This is a retrospective study of all cases of IMD notified to the Ministry of Health between 2004 and 2018. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical and microbiological data were collected when a new case was notified. Risk factors associated with mortality were investigated using univariable logistic regression.

Results

54 cases of IMD were recorded, an overall incidence of 0.4 cases per 100,000 population. The incidence rate was highest among infants (7.2/100,000) and adolescents (1.4/100,000). Case fatality rate was 10.4%. Serogroup B accounted for 24 of 40 cases caused by known serogroup. Serogroups W and Y comprised nine cases and were responsible for most fatal cases. Serogroup C was the cause in only four cases. There was an increase in the odds of death with increasing age, while the presence of meningitis in the clinical picture was found to be associated with lower odds of death.

Conclusion

Despite the low incidence of IMD in Cyprus, it remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Serogroup B is the most frequent serogroup, while incidence of serogroups W and Y is rising. Monitoring new cases and yearly evaluation of the immunisation programmes by the National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG) is essential for successful control of the disease.

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/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.30.1900534
2020-07-30
2024-11-21
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.30.1900534
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Epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease in Cyprus 2004 to 2018
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Maria+Koliou&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Koliou Maria</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Diamanto+Kasapi&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Kasapi Diamanto</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Stella+Mazeri&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Mazeri Stella</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Panagiota+Maikanti&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Maikanti Panagiota</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Anna+Demetriou&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Demetriou Anna</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Chrystalla+Skordi&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Skordi Chrystalla</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Maria+Agathocleous&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Agathocleous Maria</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Georgina+Tzanakaki&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Tzanakaki Georgina</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Elisavet+Constantinou&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Constantinou Elisavet</a></span>. Epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease in Cyprus 2004 to 2018. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2020;25(30):pii=1900534. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.30.1900534" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.30.1900534</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 17 Aug 2019;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 10 Jan 2020 </span> </p>
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