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- Volume 28, Issue 42, 19/Oct/2023
Eurosurveillance - Volume 28, Issue 42, 19 October 2023
Volume 28, Issue 42, 2023
- Rapid communication
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Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection in foxes with PB2-M535I identified as a novel mammalian adaptation, Northern Ireland, July 2023
We report cases of mammalian infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b in Northern Ireland. Two common gulls (Larus canus) and two red fox kits (Vulpes vulpes), were found dead in close vicinity. Comparison of viral whole genome sequences obtained from the animals identified a novel mammalian adaptation, PB2-M535I. Analysis of genetic sequences from other recent mammalian infections shows that this mutation has arisen on at least five occasions in three European countries since April 2023.
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Rapid spread of a novel NDM-producing clone of Klebsiella pneumoniae CC147, Northern Italy, February to August 2023
New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) ST147 caused a large multi-hospital outbreak in Italy from 2018 to 2021. We describe a new ST6668 NDM-producing Kp clone, belonging to CC147, which rapidly spread across hospitals in the Pavia province (Northern Italy) from February to August 2023. Genomic analyses revealed that ST6668 is different from ST147 and fast evolving. As shown here, genomic surveillance programmes are useful for tracking the spread of new clones with reduced susceptibility to most antibiotics.
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- Research
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Emergence and rapid dissemination of highly resistant NDM-14-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST147, France, 2022
BackgroundSince 2021, an emergence of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-14-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae has been identified in France. This variant with increased carbapenemase activity was not previously detected in Enterobacterales.
AimWe investigated the rapid dissemination of NDM-14 producers among patients in hospitals in France.
MethodsAll NDM-14-producing non-duplicate clinical isolates identified in France until June 2022 (n = 37) were analysed by whole genome sequencing. The phylogeny of NDM-14-producers among all K. pneumoniae sequence type (ST) 147 reported in France since 2014 (n = 431) was performed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation experiments, clonal relationship and molecular clock analysis were performed.
ResultsThe 37 NDM-14 producers recovered in France until 2022 belonged to K. pneumoniae ST147. The dissemination of NDM-14-producing K. pneumoniae was linked to a single clone, likely imported from Morocco and responsible for several outbreaks in France. The gene blaNDM-14 was harboured on a 54 kilobase non-conjugative IncFIB plasmid that shared high homology with a known blaNDM-1-carrying plasmid. Using Bayesian analysis, we estimated that the NDM-14-producing K. pneumoniae ST147 clone appeared in 2020. The evolutionary rate of this clone was estimated to 5.61 single nucleotide polymorphisms per genome per year. The NDM-14 producers were highly resistant to all antimicrobials tested except to colistin, cefiderocol (minimum inhibitory concentration 2 mg/L) and the combination of aztreonam/avibactam.
ConclusionHighly resistant NDM-14 producing K. pneumoniae can rapidly spread in healthcare settings. Surveillance and thorough investigations of hospital outbreaks are critical to evaluate and limit the dissemination of this clone.
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Ecological and environmental factors affecting the risk of tick-borne encephalitis in Europe, 2017 to 2021
BackgroundTick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a disease which can lead to severe neurological symptoms, caused by the TBE virus (TBEV). The natural transmission cycle occurs in foci and involves ticks as vectors and several key hosts that act as reservoirs and amplifiers of the infection spread. Recently, the incidence of TBE in Europe has been rising in both endemic and new regions.
AimIn this study we want to provide comprehensive understanding of the main ecological and environmental factors that affect TBE spread across Europe.
MethodsWe searched available literature on covariates linked with the circulation of TBEV in Europe. We then assessed the best predictors for TBE incidence in 11 European countries by means of statistical regression, using data on human infections provided by the European Surveillance System (TESSy), averaged between 2017 and 2021.
ResultsWe retrieved data from 62 full-text articles and identified 31 different covariates associated with TBE occurrence. Finally, we selected eight variables from the best model, including factors linked to vegetation cover, climate, and the presence of tick hosts.
DiscussionThe existing literature is heterogeneous, both in study design and covariate types. Here, we summarised and statistically validated the covariates affecting the variability of TBEV across Europe. The analysis of the factors enhancing disease emergence is a fundamental step towards the identification of potential hotspots of viral circulation. Hence, our results can support modelling efforts to estimate the risk of TBEV infections and help decision-makers implement surveillance and prevention campaigns.
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Tuberculosis incidence in foreign-born people residing in European countries in 2020
Anca Vasiliu , Niklas Köhler , Ekkehardt Altpeter , Tinna Rán Ægisdóttir , Marina Amerali , Wouter Arrazola de Oñate , Ágnes Bakos , Stefania D’Amato , Daniela Maria Cirillo , Reinout van Crevel , Edita Davidaviciene , Irène Demuth , Jose Domínguez , Raquel Duarte , Gunar Günther , Jean-Paul Guthmann , Sophia Hatzianastasiou , Louise Hedevang Holm , Zaida Herrador , Urška Hribar , Conny Huberty , Elmira Ibraim , Sarah Jackson , Mogens Jensenius , Kamilla Sigridur Josefsdottir , Anders Koch , Maria Korzeniewska-Kosela , Liga Kuksa , Heinke Kunst , Christian Lienhardt , Beatrice Mahler , Mateja Janković Makek , Inge Muylle , Johan Normark , Analita Pace-Asciak , Goranka Petrović , Despo Pieridou , Giulia Russo , Olena Rzhepishevska , Helmut J.F. Salzer , Marta Sá Marques , Daniela Schmid , Ivan Solovic , Mariya Sukholytka , Petra Svetina , Mariya Tyufekchieva , Tuula Vasankari , Piret Viiklepp , Kersti Villand , Jiri Wallenfels , Stefan Wesolowski , Anna-Maria Mandalakas , Leonardo Martinez , Dominik Zenner , Christoph Lange and on behalf of the TBnetBackgroundEuropean-specific policies for tuberculosis (TB) elimination require identification of key populations that benefit from TB screening.
AimWe aimed to identify groups of foreign-born individuals residing in European countries that benefit most from targeted TB prevention screening.
MethodsThe Tuberculosis Network European Trials group collected, by cross-sectional survey, numbers of foreign-born TB patients residing in European Union (EU) countries, Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom (UK) in 2020 from the 10 highest ranked countries of origin in terms of TB cases in each country of residence. Tuberculosis incidence rates (IRs) in countries of residence were compared with countries of origin.
ResultsData on 9,116 foreign-born TB patients in 30 countries of residence were collected. Main countries of origin were Eritrea, India, Pakistan, Morocco, Romania and Somalia. Tuberculosis IRs were highest in patients of Eritrean and Somali origin in Greece and Malta (both > 1,000/100,000) and lowest among Ukrainian patients in Poland (3.6/100,000). They were mainly lower in countries of residence than countries of origin. However, IRs among Eritreans and Somalis in Greece and Malta were five times higher than in Eritrea and Somalia. Similarly, IRs among Eritreans in Germany, the Netherlands and the UK were four times higher than in Eritrea.
ConclusionsCountry of origin TB IR is an insufficient indicator when targeting foreign-born populations for active case finding or TB prevention policies in the countries covered here. Elimination strategies should be informed by regularly collected country-specific data to address rapidly changing epidemiology and associated risks.
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- Miscellaneous
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 29 (2024)
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Volume 28 (2023)
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Volume 27 (2022)
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Volume 26 (2021)
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Volume 25 (2020)
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Volume 24 (2019)
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Volume 23 (2018)
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Volume 22 (2017)
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Volume 21 (2016)
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Volume 20 (2015)
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Volume 19 (2014)
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Volume 18 (2013)
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Volume 17 (2012)
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Volume 16 (2011)
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Volume 15 (2010)
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Volume 14 (2009)
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Volume 13 (2008)
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Volume 12 (2007)
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Volume 11 (2006)
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Volume 10 (2005)
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Volume 9 (2004)
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Volume 8 (2003)
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Volume 7 (2002)
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Volume 6 (2001)
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Volume 5 (2000)
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Volume 4 (1999)
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Volume 3 (1998)
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Volume 2 (1997)
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Volume 1 (1996)
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Volume 0 (1995)
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