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Severe A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza acute encephalopathy outbreak in children in Tuscany, Italy, December 2023 to January 2024
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View Affiliations Hide AffiliationsRenzo Guerrinirenzo.guerrini meyer.it
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Citation style for this article: . Severe A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza acute encephalopathy outbreak in children in Tuscany, Italy, December 2023 to January 2024. Euro Surveill. 2024;29(17):pii=2400199. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.17.2400199 Received: 01 Apr 2024; Accepted: 25 Apr 2024
Abstract
A severe outbreak of influenza A(H1N1pdm09) infection in seven children (median age: 52 months) occurred between December 2023 and January 2024 in Tuscany, Italy. Clinical presentation ranged from milder encephalopathy to acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) with coma and multiorgan failure; one child died. This report raises awareness for clinicians to identify and treat early acute encephalopathy caused by H1N1 influenza and serves as a reminder of severe presentations of influenza in young children and the importance of vaccination.
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