1887
Rapid communication Open Access
Like 1

Abstract

Routine laboratory surveillance has identified an unprecedented and ongoing exceedance of spp. across the United Kingdom, notably driven by transmission, since 14 August 2023. Information from 477 reported cases in England and Wales, followed up with a standardised exposure questionnaire as of 25 September 2023, identified foreign travel in 250 (54%) of 463 respondents and swimming in 234 (66%) of 353 cases. A significant, common exposure has not yet been identified in first analyses.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.43.2300538
2023-10-26
2024-11-23
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.43.2300538
Loading
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/eurosurveillance/28/43/eurosurv-28-43-1.html?itemId=/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.43.2300538&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Chalmers RM, Robinson G, Elwin K, Elson R. Analysis of the Cryptosporidium spp. and gp60 subtypes linked to human outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis in England and Wales, 2009 to 2017. Parasit Vectors. 2019;12(1):95.  https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3354-6  PMID: 30867023 
  2. Public Health Wales Microbiology. Annual report of referrals and Cryptosporidium genotyping; England and Wales, 2022. Swansea: Public Health Wales; 2023. Available from: https://phw.nhs.wales/services-and-teams/cryptosporidium-reference-unit/annual-report-of-referrals-and-cryptosporidium-genotyping-england-and-wales-2022
  3. Strong WB, Gut J, Nelson RG. Cloning and sequence analysis of a highly polymorphic Cryptosporidium parvum gene encoding a 60-kilodalton glycoprotein and characterization of its 15- and 45-kilodalton zoite surface antigen products. Infect Immun. 2000;68(7):4117-34.  https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.68.7.4117-4134.2000  PMID: 10858229 
  4. Bacchetti R, Connelly L, Browning L, Alexander CL. Changing molecular profiles of human cryptosporidiosis cases in Scotland as a result of the coronavirus disease, COVID-19 pandemic. Br J Biomed Sci. 2023;80:11462.  https://doi.org/10.3389/bjbs.2023.11462  PMID: 37701073 
  5. Office for National Statistics (ONS). Travel trends: 2022. Newport: ONS; 26 May 2023. Available from: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/leisureandtourism/articles/traveltrends/2022
  6. Fournet N, Deege MP, Urbanus AT, Nichols G, Rosner BM, Chalmers RM, et al. Simultaneous increase of Cryptosporidium infections in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Germany in late summer season, 2012. Euro Surveill. 2013;18(2):20348.  https://doi.org/10.2807/ese.18.02.20348-en  PMID: 23324424 
  7. Robinson G, Pérez-Cordón G, Hamilton C, Katzer F, Connelly L, Alexander CL, et al. Validation of a multilocus genotyping scheme for subtyping Cryptosporidium parvum for epidemiological purposes. Food Waterborne Parasitol. 2022;27:e00151.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2022.e00151  PMID: 35498551 
  8. Risby, Robinson G, Chandra N, King G, Vivancos R, Smith R, et al. Application of a new multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) scheme for the seasonal investigation of Cryptosporidium parvum cases in Wales and the north west of England, spring 2022. Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis. 2023;100151.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crpvbd.2023.100151 
  9. McKerr C, Chalmers RM, Elwin K, Ayres H, Vivancos R, O’Brien SJ, et al. Cross-sectional household transmission study of Cryptosporidium shows that C. hominis infections are a key risk factor for spread. BMC Infect Dis. 2022;22(1):114.  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07086-y  PMID: 35105330 
  10. Noufaily A, Enki DG, Farrington P, Garthwaite P, Andrews N, Charlett A. An improved algorithm for outbreak detection in multiple surveillance systems. Stat Med. 2013;32(7):1206-22.  https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.5595  PMID: 22941770 
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.43.2300538
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Submit comment
Close
Comment moderation successfully completed
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error