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Abstract

Background

Unprecedented non-pharmaceutical interventions to control the COVID-19 pandemic also had an effect on other infectious diseases.

Aim

We aimed to determine their impact on transmission and diagnosis of notifiable diseases other than COVID-19 in Bavaria, Germany, in 2020 and 2021.

Methods

We compared weekly cases of 15 notifiable infectious diseases recorded in Bavaria between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2021 in time series analyses, median age and time-to-diagnosis using Wilcoxon rank sum test and hospitalisation rates using univariable logistic regression during three time periods: pre-pandemic (weeks 1 2016–9 2020), pandemic years 1 (weeks 10–52 2020) and 2 (2021).

Results

Weekly case numbers decreased in pandemic year 1 for all diseases assessed except influenza, Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis; markedly for norovirus gastroenteritis (IRR = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.12–0.20) and pertussis (IRR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.18–0.26). In pandemic year 2, influenza (IRR = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.02–0.09) and pertussis (IRR = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.09–0.14) decreased markedly, but also chickenpox, dengue fever, invasive infection, hepatitis C, legionellosis, noro- and rotavirus gastroenteritis and salmonellosis. For enterohaemorrhagic infections, median age decreased in pandemic years 1 and 2 (4 years, interquartile range (IQR): 1–32 and 3 years, IQR: 1–18 vs 11 years, IQR: 2–42); hospitalisation proportions increased in pandemic year 1 (OR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.08–2.34).

Conclusion

Reductions for various infectious diseases and changes in case characteristics in 2020 and 2021 indicate reduced transmission of notifiable diseases other than COVID-19 due to interventions and under-detection.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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2023-10-12
2024-12-23
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Epidemiology of common infectious diseases before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bavaria, Germany, 2016 to 2021: an analysis of routine surveillance data
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Sarah+van+de+Berg&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">van de Berg Sarah</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Tanja+Charles&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Charles Tanja</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Achim+D%C3%B6rre&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Dörre Achim</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Katharina+Katz&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Katz Katharina</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Stefanie+B%C3%B6hm&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Böhm Stefanie</a></span>. Epidemiology of common infectious diseases before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bavaria, Germany, 2016 to 2021: an analysis of routine surveillance data. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2023;28(41):pii=2300030. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.41.2300030" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.41.2300030</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 12 Jan 2023;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 11 May 2023 </span> </p>
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.41.2300030
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