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Abstract

Background

Pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV)7 and PCV13 programmes started in Israel from July 2009 and November 2010 respectively, with a 2+1 schedule (one dose at 2 months old, one at 4 months old, and a booster dose at 12 months old). Thereafter, invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) rates substantially declined in children. Uptake of all three doses in < 2-year-olds since 2012 is > 90%. For still incompletely vaccinated infants (≤ 12 months old), how well the PCV 2+1 programme shields from IPD is not fully resolved.

Aim

To assess the adequacy of protection conferred by the 2+1 schedule PCV vaccination programme, particularly among incompletely-vaccinated infants.

Methods

This was a population-based, prospective, nationwide active IPD surveillance study in Israel, 2004–2019, in children < 24 months old. We estimated annual incidence rates (IR) of overall IPD, IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes (VT13), and non-PCV13 serotypes (NVT13). Annual IPD IRs were stratified by age: < 4 months (receiving ≤ 1 dose), 4–6 months (immediately post dose 2), 7–12 months (a few months post dose 2), and 13–23 months (post dose 3). Late-PCV (2004–2008) to pre-PCV13 (2016–2019) mean annual IR ratios (IRRs) were calculated.

Results

2,569 IPD episodes were recorded. VT13 decreased > 90% in all age groups, while NVT13 seemed to increase. All-IPD rates declined in all age groups by 56–70%. The 2+1 schedule impact on 7–12-month-old infants (pre-booster) was similar to that on 13–23-month-old children (post booster), with PCV13 IPD reductions of 97% and 98%, respectively.

Conclusions

Indirect (herd) protection of infants, including < 4 month-olds with ≤ 1 PCV dose, was achieved by the 2+1 PCV schedule programme which thus seems adequate.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.25.2200765
2023-06-22
2024-12-30
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.25.2200765
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Dynamics of invasive pneumococcal disease in infants < 2 years old following PCV7/13 implementation using two infant and a booster dose schedule: evidence for indirect protection of young infants, Israel, 2004 to 2019
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Shalom+Ben-Shimol&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Ben-Shimol Shalom</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Bart+Adriaan+van+der+Beek&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">van der Beek Bart Adriaan</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Meirav+Mor&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Mor Meirav</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Orli+Megged&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Megged Orli</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Ron+Dagan&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Dagan Ron</a>, <a href="/search?value1=on+behalf+of+the+Israeli+Pediatric+Bacteremia+and+Meningitis+Group+%28IPBMG%29+and+the+Microbiology+Group&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">on behalf of the Israeli Pediatric Bacteremia and Meningitis Group (IPBMG) and the Microbiology Group</a></span>. Dynamics of invasive pneumococcal disease in infants &lt; 2 years old following PCV7/13 implementation using two infant and a booster dose schedule: evidence for indirect protection of young infants, Israel, 2004 to 2019. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2023;28(25):pii=2200765. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.25.2200765" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.25.2200765</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 22 Sept 2022;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 30 Mar 2023 </span> </p>
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.25.2200765
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.25.2200765
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