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Abstract

Background

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is of public health concern worldwide.

Aim

We aimed to summarise the German AMR situation for clinicians and microbiologists.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 60 published studies and data from the German (ARS). Primary outcomes were AMR proportions in bacterial isolates from infected patients in Germany (2016–2021) and the case fatality rates (2010–2021). Random and fixed (common) effect models were used to calculate pooled proportions and pooled case fatality odds ratios, respectively.

Results

The pooled proportion of meticillin resistance in infections (MRSA) was 7.9% with a declining trend between 2014 and 2020 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.886–0.891; p < 0.0001), while vancomycin resistance in (VRE) bloodstream infections increased (OR = 1.18; (95% CI: 1.16–1.21); p < 0.0001) with a pooled proportion of 34.9%. Case fatality rates for MRSA and VRE were higher than for their susceptible strains (OR = 2.29; 95% CI: 1.91–2.75 and 1.69; 95% CI: 1.22–2.33, respectively). Carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative pathogens (, , spp. and ) was low to moderate (< 9%), but resistance against third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones was moderate to high (5–25%). exhibited high resistance against carbapenems (17.0%; 95% CI: 11.9–22.8), third-generation cephalosporins (10.1%; 95% CI: 6.6–14.2) and fluoroquinolones (24.9%; 95% CI: 19.3–30.9). Statistical heterogeneity was high (I2 > 70%) across studies reporting resistance proportions.

Conclusion

Continuous efforts in AMR surveillance and infection prevention and control as well as antibiotic stewardship are needed to limit the spread of AMR in Germany.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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2023-05-18
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Clinical epidemiology and case fatality due to antimicrobial resistance in Germany: a systematic review and meta-analysis, 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2021
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Maria+R%C3%B6denbeck&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Rödenbeck Maria</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Olaniyi+Ayobami&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Ayobami Olaniyi</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Tim+Eckmanns&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Eckmanns Tim</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Mathias+W+Pletz&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Pletz Mathias W</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Jutta+Bleidorn&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Bleidorn Jutta</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Robby+Markwart&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Markwart Robby</a></span>. Clinical epidemiology and case fatality due to antimicrobial resistance in Germany: a systematic review and meta-analysis, 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2021. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2023;28(20):pii=2200672. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.20.2200672" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.20.2200672</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 17 Aug 2022;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 14 Feb 2023 </span> </p>
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.20.2200672
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.20.2200672
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