1887
  1. Home
  2. Eurosurveillance
  3. Volume 27, Issue 8, 24/Feb/2022
  4. Article
Research Open Access
Like 0
Download

Abstract

Background

SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assays are more sensitive than rapid antigen detection assays (RDT) and can detect viral RNA even after an individual is no longer infectious. RDT can reduce the time to test and the results might better correlate with infectiousness.

Aim

We assessed the ability of five RDT to identify infectious COVID-19 cases and systematically recorded the turnaround time of RT-PCR testing.

Methods

Sensitivity of RDT was determined using a serially diluted SARS-CoV-2 stock with known viral RNA concentration. The probability of detecting infectious virus at a given viral load was calculated using logistic regression of viral RNA concentration and matched culture results of 78 specimens from randomly selected non-hospitalised cases. The probability of each RDT to detect infectious cases was calculated as the sum of the projected probabilities for viral isolation success for every viral RNA load found at the time of diagnosis in 1,739 confirmed non-hospitalised COVID-19 cases.

Results

The distribution of quantification cycle values and estimated RNA loads for patients reporting to drive-through testing was skewed to high RNA loads. With the most sensitive RDT (Abbott and SD Biosensor), 97.30% (range: 88.65–99.77) of infectious individuals would be detected. This decreased to 92.73% (range: 60.30–99.77) for Coris BioConcept and GenBody, and 75.53% (range: 17.55–99.77) for RapiGEN. Only 32.9% of RT-PCR results were available on the same day as specimen collection.

Conclusion

The most sensitive RDT detected infectious COVID-19 cases with high sensitivity and may considerably improve containment through more rapid isolation and contact tracing.

© Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.8.2100702
2022-02-24
2024-11-21
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.8.2100702
Loading
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/eurosurveillance/27/8/eurosurv-27-8-3.html?itemId=/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.8.2100702&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Data on the daily number of new reported COVID-19 cases and deaths by EU/EEA country. Stockholm: ECDC. [Accessed: 4 Feb 2022]. Available from: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/data-daily-new-cases-covid-19-eueea-country
  2. Aleta A, Martín-Corral D, Pastore Y Piontti A, Ajelli M, Litvinova M, Chinazzi M, et al. Modelling the impact of testing, contact tracing and household quarantine on second waves of COVID-19. Nat Hum Behav. 2020;4(9):964-71.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0931-9  PMID: 32759985 
  3. van Kampen JJA, van de Vijver DAMC, Fraaij PLA, Haagmans BL, Lamers MM, Okba N, et al. Duration and key determinants of infectious virus shedding in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):267.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20568-4  PMID: 33431879 
  4. Mina MJ, Parker R, Larremore DB. Rethinking Covid-19 test sensitivity - a strategy for containment. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(22):e120.  https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2025631  PMID: 32997903 
  5. Schuit E, Veldhuijzen IK, Venekamp RP, van den Bijllaardt W, Pas SD, Lodder EB, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of rapid antigen tests in asymptomatic and presymptomatic close contacts of individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection: cross sectional study. BMJ. 2021;374:n1676.  https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1676  PMID: 34315770 
  6. Wölfel R, Corman VM, Guggemos W, Seilmaier M, Zange S, Müller MA, et al. Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019. Nature. 2020;581(7809):465-9.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2196-x  PMID: 32235945 
  7. Bonačić Marinović AA, Koopmans M, Dittrich S, Teunis P, Swaan C, van Steenbergen J, et al. Speed versus coverage trade off in targeted interventions during an outbreak. Epidemics. 2014;8:28-40.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epidem.2014.05.003  PMID: 25240901 
  8. Kretzschmar ME, Rozhnova G, Bootsma MCJ, van Boven M, van de Wijgert JHHM, Bonten MJM. Impact of delays on effectiveness of contact tracing strategies for COVID-19: a modelling study. Lancet Public Health. 2020;5(8):e452-9.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30157-2  PMID: 32682487 
  9. Oude Munnink BB, Nieuwenhuijse DF, Stein M, O’Toole Á, Haverkate M, Mollers M, et al. Rapid SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequencing and analysis for informed public health decision-making in the Netherlands. Nat Med. 2020;26(9):1405-10.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0997-y  PMID: 32678356 
  10. Volz E, Mishra S, Chand M, Barrett JC, Johnson R, Geidelberg L, et al. Assessing transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 in England. Nature. 2021;593(7858):266-9.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03470-x  PMID: 33767447 
  11. Our World In Data. Coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccinations. Oxford: University of Oxford. [Accessed: 4 Feb 2022]. Available from: https://ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinations
  12. Campbell F, Archer B, Laurenson-Schafer H, Jinnai Y, Konings F, Batra N, et al. Increased transmissibility and global spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern as at June 2021. Euro Surveill. 2021;26(24):2100509.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.24.2100509  PMID: 34142653 
  13. Jungnick S, Hobmaier B, Mautner L, Hoyos M, Haase M, Baiker A, et al. Detection of the new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 in five SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests (RATs), Germany, March 2021. Euro Surveill. 2021;26(16):2100413.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.16.2100413  PMID: 33890568 
  14. Corman VM, Landt O, Kaiser M, Molenkamp R, Meijer A, Chu DK, et al. Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR. Euro Surveill. 2020;25(3):2000045.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.3.2000045  PMID: 31992387 
From more testing to smart testing: data-guided SARS-CoV-2 testing choices, the Netherlands, May to September 2020
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Janko+van+Beek&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">van Beek Janko</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Zsofia+Igloi&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Igloi Zsofia</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Timo+Boelsums&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Boelsums Timo</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Ewout+Fanoy&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Fanoy Ewout</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Hannelore+Gotz&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Gotz Hannelore</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Richard+Molenkamp&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Molenkamp Richard</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Jeroen+van+Kampen&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">van Kampen Jeroen</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Corine+GeurtsvanKessel&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">GeurtsvanKessel Corine</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Annemiek+A+van+der+Eijk&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">van der Eijk Annemiek A</a>, <a href="/search?value1=David+van+de+Vijver&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">van de Vijver David</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Marion+Koopmans&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Koopmans Marion</a></span>. From more testing to smart testing: data-guided SARS-CoV-2 testing choices, the Netherlands, May to September 2020 . <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2022;27(8):pii=2100702. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.8.2100702" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.8.2100702</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 09 Jul 2021;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 09 Nov 2021 </span> </p>
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.8.2100702
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.8.2100702
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplementary data

Submit comment
Close
Comment moderation successfully completed
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error