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Abstract

Background

In 2019, the World Health Organization published the 21st Model list of Essential Medicines and updated the Access, Watch Reserve (AWaRe) antibiotics classification to improve metrics and indicators for antibiotic stewardship activities. Reserve antibiotics are regarded as last-resort treatment options.

Aim

We investigated hospital-sector consumption quantities and trends of Reserve group antibiotics in European Union/European Economic Area countries and the United Kingdom (EU/EEA/UK).

Methods

Hospital-sector antimicrobial consumption data for 2010–2018 were obtained from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Antibacterials’ consumption for systemic use (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification (ATC) group J01) were included in the analysis and expressed as defined daily doses (DDD) per 1,000 inhabitants per day. We defined reserve antibiotics as per AWaRe classification and applied linear regression to analyse trends in consumption of reserve antibiotics throughout the study period.

Results

EU/EEA/UK average hospital-sector reserve-antibiotic consumption increased from 0.017 to 0.050 DDD per 1,000 inhabitants per day over the study period (p = 0.002). This significant increase concerned 15 countries. In 2018, four antibiotics (tigecycline, colistin, linezolid and daptomycin) constituted 91% of the consumption. Both absolute and relative (% of total hospital sector) consumption of reserve antibiotics varied considerably (up to 42-fold) between countries (from 0.004 to 0.155 DDD per 1,000 inhabitants per day and from 0.2% to 9.3%, respectively).

Conclusion

An increasing trend in reserve antibiotic consumption was found in Europe. The substantial variation between countries may reflect the burden of infection with multidrug-resistant bacteria. Our results could guide national actions or optimisation of reserve antibiotic use.

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2022-10-13
2024-12-22
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Trends in the hospital-sector consumption of the WHO AWaRe Reserve group antibiotics in EU/EEA countries and the United Kingdom, 2010 to 2018
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Ria+Benk%C5%91&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Benkő Ria</a>, <a href="/search?value1=M%C3%A1ria+Matuz&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Matuz Mária</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Zolt%C3%A1n+Pet%C5%91&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Pető Zoltán</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Klaus+Weist&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Weist Klaus</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Ole+Heuer&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Heuer Ole</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Vera+Vlahovi%C4%87-Pal%C4%8Devski&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Vlahović-Palčevski Vera</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Dominique+L+Monnet&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Monnet Dominique L</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Githa+Fungie+Galistiani&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Galistiani Githa Fungie</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Hege+Salvesen+Blix&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Blix Hege Salvesen</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Gy%C3%B6ngyv%C3%A9r+So%C3%B3s&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Soós Gyöngyvér</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Edit+Hajd%C3%BA&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Hajdú Edit</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Members+of+the+ESAC-Net+AWaRe+study+group&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Members of the ESAC-Net AWaRe study group</a></span>. Trends in the hospital-sector consumption of the WHO AWaRe Reserve group antibiotics in EU/EEA countries and the United Kingdom, 2010 to 2018. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2022;27(41):pii=2101058. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.41.2101058" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.41.2101058</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 04 Nov 2021;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 03 May 2022 </span> </p>
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