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Abstract

Introduction

Rotavirus vaccination with the live-attenuated monovalent (a G1P[8] human rotavirus strain) two-dose Rotarix vaccine was introduced in England in July 2013. Since then, there have been significant reductions in rotavirus gastroenteritis incidence.

Aim

We assessed the vaccine’s impact on rotavirus genotype distribution and diversity 3 years post-vaccine introduction.

Methods

Epidemiological and microbiological data on genotyped rotavirus-positive samples between September 2006 and August 2016 were supplied by EuroRotaNet and Public Health England. Multinomial multivariable logistic regression adjusting for year, season and age was used to quantify changes in genotype prevalence in the vaccine period. Genotype diversity was measured using the Shannon’s index (H′) and Simpson’s index of diversity (D).

Results

We analysed genotypes from 8,044 faecal samples. In the pre-vaccine era, G1P[8] was most prevalent, ranging from 39% (411/1,057) to 74% (527/709) per year. In the vaccine era, G1P[8] prevalence declined each season (35%, 231/654; 12%, 154/1,257; 5%, 34/726) and genotype diversity increased significantly in 6–59 months old children (H’ p < 0.001: D p < 0.001). In multinomial analysis, G2P[4] (adjusted multinomial odds ratio (aMOR): 9.51; 95% confidence interval (CI): 7.02–12.90), G3P[8] (aMOR: 2.83; 95% CI: 2.17–3.81), G12P[8] (aMOR: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.62–3.73) and G4P[8] (aMOR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.02–1.96) significantly increased relative to G1P[8].

Conclusions

In the context of reduced rotavirus disease incidence, genotype diversity has increased, with a relative change in the dominant genotype from G1P[8] to G2P[4] after vaccine introduction. These changes will need continued surveillance as the number and age of vaccinated birth cohorts increase in the future.

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2019-02-07
2024-11-23
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.6.1700774
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Impact of rotavirus vaccination on rotavirus genotype distribution and diversity in England, September 2006 to August 2016
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Daniel+Hungerford&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Hungerford Daniel</a>, <a href="/search?value1=David+J+Allen&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Allen David J</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Sameena+Nawaz&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Nawaz Sameena</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Sarah+Collins&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Collins Sarah</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Shamez+Ladhani&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Ladhani Shamez</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Roberto+Vivancos&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Vivancos Roberto</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Miren+Iturriza-G%C3%B3mara&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Iturriza-Gómara Miren</a></span>. Impact of rotavirus vaccination on rotavirus genotype distribution and diversity in England, September 2006 to August 2016. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2019;24(6):pii=1700774. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.6.1700774" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.6.1700774</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 18 Nov 2017;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 06 Jul 2018 </span> </p>
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