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- Volume 27, Issue 21, 26/May/2022
Eurosurveillance - Volume 27, Issue 21, 26 May 2022
Volume 27, Issue 21, 2022
- Rapid communication
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Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in young children attending day-care centres in Belgium, May 2020 to February 2022
Liesbet Van Heirstraeten , Esra Ekinci , Mathias Smet , Matilda Berkell , Laura Willen , Jasmine Coppens , An Spiessens , Basil Britto Xavier , Christine Lammens , Jan Verhaegen , Pierre Van Damme , Herman Goossens , Philippe Beutels , Veerle Matheeussen , Stefanie Desmet , Heidi Theeten and Surbhi Malhotra-KumarPresence of SARS-CoV-2 was monitored in nasopharyngeal samples from young children aged 6−30 months attending day-care centres (DCCs) in Belgium from May 2020−February 2022. SARS-CoV-2 carriage among DCC children was only detected from November 2021, after emergence of Delta and Omicron variants, in 9 of the 42 DCCs screened. In only one DCC, two children tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at the same sampling time point, suggesting limited transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Belgian DCCs among young children during the studied period.
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Effectiveness of complete primary vaccination against COVID-19 at primary care and community level during predominant Delta circulation in Europe: multicentre analysis, I-MOVE-COVID-19 and ECDC networks, July to August 2021
Esther Kissling , Mariëtte Hooiveld , Iván Martínez-Baz , Clara Mazagatos , Naoma William , Ana-Maria Vilcu , Marjolein N Kooijman , Maja Ilić , Lisa Domegan , Ausenda Machado , Simon de Lusignan , Mihaela Lazar , Adam Meijer , Mia Brytting , Itziar Casado , Amparo Larrauri , Josephine-L K Murray , Sylvie Behillil , Brechje de Gier , Ivan Mlinarić , Joan O’Donnell , Ana Paula Rodrigues , Ruby Tsang , Olivia Timnea , Marit de Lange , Maximilian Riess , Jesús Castilla , Francisco Pozo , Mark Hamilton , Alessandra Falchi , Mirjam J Knol , Sanja Kurečić Filipović , Linda Dunford , Raquel Guiomar , Jade Cogdale , Carmen Cherciu , Tessa Jansen , Theresa Enkirch , Luca Basile , Jeff Connell , Verónica Gomez , Virginia Sandonis Martín , Sabrina Bacci , Angela MC Rose , Lucia Pastore Celentano , Marta Valenciano and I-MOVE-COVID-19 and ECDC primary care study teamsIntroductionIn July and August 2021, the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant dominated in Europe.
AimUsing a multicentre test-negative study, we measured COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic infection.
MethodsIndividuals with COVID-19 or acute respiratory symptoms at primary care/community level in 10 European countries were tested for SARS-CoV-2. We measured complete primary course overall VE by vaccine brand and by time since vaccination.
ResultsOverall VE was 74% (95% CI: 69–79), 76% (95% CI: 71–80), 63% (95% CI: 48–75) and 63% (95% CI: 16–83) among those aged 30–44, 45–59, 60–74 and ≥ 75 years, respectively. VE among those aged 30–59 years was 78% (95% CI: 75–81), 66% (95% CI: 58–73), 91% (95% CI: 87–94) and 52% (95% CI: 40–61), for Comirnaty, Vaxzevria, Spikevax and COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen, respectively. VE among people 60 years and older was 67% (95% CI: 52–77), 65% (95% CI: 48–76) and 83% (95% CI: 64–92) for Comirnaty, Vaxzevria and Spikevax, respectively. Comirnaty VE among those aged 30–59 years was 87% (95% CI: 83–89) at 14–29 days and 65% (95% CI: 56–71%) at ≥ 90 days between vaccination and onset of symptoms.
ConclusionsVE against symptomatic infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant varied among brands, ranging from 52% to 91%. While some waning of the vaccine effect may be present (sample size limited this analysis to only Comirnaty), protection was 65% at 90 days or more between vaccination and onset.
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Investigation of a COVID-19 outbreak on the Charles de Gaulle aircraft carrier, March to April 2020: a retrospective cohort study
Franck de Laval , Hervé Chaudet , Olivier Gorgé , Joffrey Marchi , Constance Lacrosse , Aissata Dia , Vanessa Marbac , Bakridine Mmadi Mrenda , Gaëtan Texier , Flavie Letois , Charles Chapus , Véronique Sarilar , Jean-Nicolas Tournier , Anthony Levasseur , Jacques Cobola , Flora Nolent , Fabien Dutasta , Frédéric Janvier , PA-CDG COVID-19 investigation group , Jean-Baptiste Meynard and Vincent Pommier de SantiBackgroundSARS-CoV-2 emergence was a threat for armed forces. A COVID-19 outbreak occurred on the French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle from mid-March to mid-April 2020.
AimTo understand how the virus was introduced, circulated then stopped circulation, risk factors for infection and severity, and effectiveness of preventive measures.
MethodsWe considered the entire crew as a cohort and collected personal, clinical, biological, and epidemiological data. We performed viral genome sequencing and searched for SARS-CoV-2 in the environment.
ResultsThe attack rate was 65% (1,148/1,767); 1,568 (89%) were included. The male:female ratio was 6.9, and median age was 29 years (IQR: 24–36). We examined four clinical profiles: asymptomatic (13.0%), non-specific symptomatic (8.1%), specific symptomatic (76.3%), and severe (i.e. requiring oxygen therapy, 2.6%). Active smoking was not associated with severe COVID-19; age and obesity were risk factors. The instantaneous reproduction rate (Rt) and viral sequencing suggested several introductions of the virus with 4 of 5 introduced strains from within France, with an acceleration of Rt when lifting preventive measures. Physical distancing prevented infection (adjusted OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.40–0.76). Transmission may have stopped when the proportion of infected personnel was large enough to prevent circulation (65%; 95% CI: 62–68).
ConclusionNon-specific clinical pictures of COVID-19 delayed detection of the outbreak. The lack of an isolation ward made it difficult to manage transmission; the outbreak spread until a protective threshold was reached. Physical distancing was effective when applied. Early surveillance with adapted prevention measures should prevent such an outbreak.
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Environmental surveillance of Legionella in tourist facilities of the Balearic Islands, Spain, 2006 to 2010 and 2015 to 2018
BackgroundLegionnaires’ disease is a respiratory illness often associated with hotels and travel. Spain is a major tourist destination and one of the European countries with most cases of Legionnaires’ disease , both community- and travel-associated. However, the prevalence of Legionella in tourist facilities is unknown.
AimThe present investigation aimed to survey the tourist facilities in the Balearic Islands, Spain, for Legionella prevalence.
MethodsWe visited tourist facilities in the Balearic Islands in two different periods (2006–2010 and 2015–2018) and took water samples following national and international guidelines. Legionella was investigated by culture methods following international standards (ISO 11731:1998).
ResultsWe evaluated 13,472 samples from 465 facilities. Bacteria of the Legionella genus were detected in 65.4% of the surveyed facilities. Contamination of the facilities was significantly higher during the second decade (54.5 vs 78.6%). The most frequent colonisers were L. pneumophila serogroup 2–14. We detected the pathogen in 15.9% and 6.9% of hot and cold water distribution systems samples, respectively. The Legionella contamination rate in cold water systems samples was higher when free chlorine levels were < 0.2 mg/L and at > 25 °C temperatures, while in the hot water systems samples, the contamination rate was higher at < 50 °C. Of the samples from hot tubs, 10.9% were contaminated.
ConclusionLegionella prevalence in hotels in the Balearic Islands was high but the contamination rates depended on the installations. Corrective measures are still needed to improve Legionella control.
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 29 (2024)
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Volume 28 (2023)
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Volume 27 (2022)
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Volume 26 (2021)
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Volume 25 (2020)
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Volume 24 (2019)
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Volume 23 (2018)
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Volume 22 (2017)
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Volume 21 (2016)
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Volume 20 (2015)
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Volume 19 (2014)
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Volume 18 (2013)
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Volume 17 (2012)
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Volume 16 (2011)
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Volume 15 (2010)
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Volume 14 (2009)
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Volume 13 (2008)
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Volume 12 (2007)
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Volume 11 (2006)
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Volume 10 (2005)
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Volume 9 (2004)
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Volume 8 (2003)
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Volume 7 (2002)
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Volume 6 (2001)
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Volume 5 (2000)
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Volume 4 (1999)
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Volume 3 (1998)
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Volume 2 (1997)
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Volume 1 (1996)
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Volume 0 (1995)
Most Read This Month
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Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR
Victor M Corman , Olfert Landt , Marco Kaiser , Richard Molenkamp , Adam Meijer , Daniel KW Chu , Tobias Bleicker , Sebastian Brünink , Julia Schneider , Marie Luisa Schmidt , Daphne GJC Mulders , Bart L Haagmans , Bas van der Veer , Sharon van den Brink , Lisa Wijsman , Gabriel Goderski , Jean-Louis Romette , Joanna Ellis , Maria Zambon , Malik Peiris , Herman Goossens , Chantal Reusken , Marion PG Koopmans and Christian Drosten
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