1887
  1. Home
  2. Eurosurveillance
  3. Volume 21, Issue 29, 21/Jul/2016
  4. Article
Surveillance and outbreak report Open Access
Like 0
Download

Abstract

infection (CDI) remains poorly controlled in many European countries, of which several have not yet implemented national CDI surveillance. In 2013, experts from the European CDI Surveillance Network project and from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control developed a protocol with three options of CDI surveillance for acute care hospitals: a ‘minimal’ option (aggregated hospital data), a ‘light’ option (including patient data for CDI cases) and an ‘enhanced’ option (including microbiological data on the first 10 CDI episodes per hospital). A total of 37 hospitals in 14 European countries tested these options for a three-month period (between 13 May and 1 November 2013). All 37 hospitals successfully completed the minimal surveillance option (for 1,152 patients). Clinical data were submitted for 94% (1,078/1,152) of the patients in the light option; information on CDI origin and outcome was complete for 94% (1,016/1,078) and 98% (294/300) of the patients in the light and enhanced options, respectively. The workload of the options was 1.1, 2.0 and 3.0 person-days per 10,000 hospital discharges, respectively. Enhanced surveillance was tested and was successful in 32 of the hospitals, showing that PCR ribotype 027 was predominant (30% (79/267)). This study showed that standardised multicountry surveillance, with the option of integrating clinical and molecular data, is a feasible strategy for monitoring CDI in Europe.

© Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.29.30293
2016-07-21
2024-12-26
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.29.30293
Loading
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/eurosurveillance/21/29/eurosurv-21-30293-4.html?itemId=/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.29.30293&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Kuijper EJ, Coignard B, Tüll P, ESCMID Study Group for Clostridium difficile, EU Member States, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Emergence of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in North America and Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2006;12 Suppl 6:2-18.CLM1580 [pii]; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.01580.x  [doi]. PMID: 16965399 
  2. Bauer MP, Notermans DW, van Benthem BH, Brazier JS, Wilcox MH, Rupnik M, et al. Clostridium difficile infection in Europe: a hospital-based survey. Lancet. 2011;377(9759):63-73.S0140-6736(10)61266-4 [pii]; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61266-4  [doi]. PMID: 21084111 
  3. Knetsch CW, Lawley TD, Hensgens MP, Corver J, Wilcox MW, Kuijper EJ. Current application and future perspectives of molecular typing methods to study Clostridium difficile infections. Euro Surveill. 2013;18(4):pii=20381. PMID: 23369393 
  4. Hensgens MP, Goorhuis A, Notermans DW, van Benthem BH, Kuijper EJ. Decrease of hypervirulent Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 027 in the Netherlands. Euro Surveill. 2009;14(45). 14(45):pii=19402. PMID: 19941791 
  5. Viseur N, Lambert M, Delmée M, Van Broeck J, Catry B. Nosocomial and non-nosocomial Clostridium difficile infections in hospitalised patients in Belgium: compulsory surveillance data from 2008 to 2010. Euro Surveill. 2011;16(43):pii=20000. PMID: 22085603 
  6. Wilcox MH, Shetty N, Fawley WN, Shemko M, Coen P, Birtles A, et al. Changing epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection following the introduction of a national ribotyping-based surveillance scheme in England. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;55(8):1056-63.cis614 [pii]; https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cis614  [doi]. PMID: 22784871 
  7. Kanerva M, Mentula S, Virolainen-Julkunen A, Kärki T, Möttönen T, Lyytikäinen O, et al. Reduction in Clostridium difficile infections in Finland, 2008-2010. J Hosp Infect. 2013;83(2):127-31.S0195-6701(12)00343-X [pii]; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2012.09.021  [doi]. PMID: 23201398 
  8. Eckert C, Coignard B, Hebert M, Tarnaud C, Tessier C, Lemire A, et al. Clinical and microbiological features of Clostridium difficile infections in France: the ICD-RAISIN 2009 national survey. MedMal Infect. 2013;43(2):67-74.S0399-077X(13)00008-5 [pii]; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2013.01.004  [doi]. PMID: 23498135 
  9. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Point prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in European acute care hospitals. 2011-2012. Stockholm: ECDC; 2013. Available from: http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/healthcare-associated-infections-antimicrobial-use-PPS.pdf
  10. Obuch-Woszczatyński P, Lachowicz D, Schneider A, Mól A, Pawłowska J, Ożdżeńska-Milke E, et al. Occurrence of Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotype 027 and it's closely related PCR-ribotype 176 in hospitals in Poland in 2008-2010. Anaerobe. 2014;28:13-7.S1075-9964(14)00039-0 [pii]; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.04.007  [doi]. PMID: 24799338 
  11. Popescu GA, Florea D, Rafila A. Clostridium difficile is emerging in Romania: a story of 027 ribotype and excessive antibiotic consumption. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2014;23(3):342-3.21 [pii]. Available from: http://www.jgld.ro/2014/3/21.pdf PMID: 25267968.
  12. Davies KA, Longshaw CM, Davis GL, Bouza E, Barbut F, Barna Z, et al. Underdiagnosis of Clostridium difficile across Europe: the European, multicentre, prospective, biannual, point-prevalence study of Clostridium difficile infection in hospitalised patients with diarrhoea (EUCLID). Lancet Infect Dis. 2014;14(12):1208-19.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70991-0  PMID: 25455988 
  13. He M, Miyajima F, Roberts P, Ellison L, Pickard DJ, Martin MJ, et al. Emergence and global spread of epidemic healthcare-associated Clostridium difficile. Nat Genet. 2013;45(1):109-13.ng.2478 [pii]; https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.2478  [doi]. PMID: 23222960 
  14. European Clostridium difficile Infection Surveillance Network (ECDIS-Net). Pilot surveillance protocol version 1.2. Berlin: ECDIS-Net; May 2013. Available from http://www.ecdis-pilot.eu/fileadmin/ecdis/downloads/v1.2/ECDIS-net_Pilot_Surveillance_Protocol_Version_1.2.pdf
  15. McCabe WR. Gram-negative bacteremia. Adv Intern Med. 1974;19:135-58. PMID: 4592709 PMID: 4592709 
  16. Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE. APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med. 1985;13(10):818-29.  https://doi.org/10.1097/00003246-198510000-00009  PMID: 3928249 
  17. McDonald LC, Coignard B, Dubberke E, Song X, Horan T, Kutty PK. Recommendations for surveillance of Clostridium difficile-associated disease. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2007;28(2):140-5.ICHE2006386 [pii]; https://doi.org/10.1086/511798  [doi]. PMID: 17265394 
  18. van Dorp SM, Notermans DW, Alblas J, Gastmeier P, Mentula S, Nagy E, et al. Survey of diagnostic and typing capacity for Clostridium difficile infection in Europe, 2011 and 2014. Euro Surveill. 2016;21(29):30292.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.29.30292 
  19. Regions in the European Union. Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics NUTS 2013/EU-28. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union; 2015. Available from: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/3859598/6948381/KS-GQ-14-006-EN-N.pdf/b9ba3339-b121-4775-9991-d88e807628e3
  20. Paltansing S, van den Berg RJ, Guseinova RA, Visser CE, van der Vorm ER, Kuijper EJ. Characteristics and incidence of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in The Netherlands, 2005. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2007;13(11):1058-64.CLM1793 [pii]; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01793.x  [doi]. PMID: 17922780 
  21. Bidet P, Lalande V, Salauze B, Burghoffer B, Avesani V, Delmée M, et al. Comparison of PCR-ribotyping, arbitrarily primed PCR, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for typing Clostridium difficile. J Clin Microbiol. 2000;38(7):2484-7. PMID: 10878030 
  22. Persson S, Torpdahl M, Olsen KE. New multiplex PCR method for the detection of Clostridium difficile toxin A (tcdA) and toxin B (tcdB) and the binary toxin (cdtA/cdtB) genes applied to a Danish strain collection. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2008;14(11):1057-64.CLM2092 [pii]; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02092.x  [doi]. PMID: 19040478 
  23. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria; approved standard. 8th ed. Wayne, PA: CLSI; 2012.
  24. European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 4.0, 2014. [Accessed 25 Jan 2015]. Available from: http://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/
  25. United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States, 2013. Atlanta, GA: CDC; 23 Apr 2013. Accessed 25 Jan 25 2015]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/threat-report-2013/pdf/ar-threats-2013-508.pdf
  26. Magill SS, Edwards JR, Bamberg W, Beldavs ZG, Dumyati G, Kainer MA, et al. Multistate point-prevalence survey of health care-associated infections. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(13):1198-208.  https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1306801  PMID: 24670166 
  27. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). European surveillance of Clostridium difficile infections. Surveillance protocol version 2.2. Stockholm: ECDC; 2015. Available from: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/_layouts/forms/Publication_DispForm.aspx?List=4f55ad51-4aed-4d32-b960-af70113dbb90&ID=1402
  28. Pituch H, Obuch-Woszczatyński P, Lachowicz D, Wultańska D, Karpiński P, Młynarczyk G, et al. Hospital-based Clostridium difficile infection surveillance reveals high proportions of PCR ribotypes 027 and 176 in different areas of Poland, 2011 to 2013. Euro Surveill. 2015;20(38):pii=30025.  https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2015.20.38.30025  [doi];30025 [pii]. PMID: 26536049 
  29. Walker AS, Eyre DW, Wyllie DH, Dingle KE, Griffiths D, Shine B, et al. Relationship between bacterial strain type, host biomarkers, and mortality in Clostridium difficile infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2013;56(11):1589-600.cit127 [pii]; https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit127  [doi]. PMID: 23463640 
  30. Crobach MJ, Dekkers OM, Wilcox MH, Kuijper EJ. European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID): data review and recommendations for diagnosing Clostridium difficile-infection (CDI). Clin Microbiol Infect. 2009;15(12):1053-66.CLM3098 [pii]; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.03098.x  [doi]. PMID: 19929972 
  31. Fawley WN, Knetsch CW, MacCannell DR, Harmanus C, Du T, Mulvey MR, et al. Development and Validation of an Internationally-Standardized, High-Resolution Capillary Gel-Based Electrophoresis PCR-Ribotyping Protocol for Clostridium difficile. PLoSOne. 2015;10(2):e0118150. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118150  [doi];PONE-D-14-35721 [pii]. PMID: 25679978 
  32. Gürtler V. Predicting genome variations between passages of Clostridium difficle by ribotypes. Microbiol Aust. 2015;36(3):109-10. . Available from: http://microbiology.publish.csiro.au/?act=view_file&file_id=MA15038.pdf https://doi.org/10.1071/MA15038 
  33. Drewe JA, Hoinville LJ, Cook AJ, Floyd T, Stark KD. Evaluation of animal and public health surveillance systems: a systematic review. Epidemiol Infect. 2012;140(4):575-90.S0950268811002160 [pii]; https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268811002160  [doi]. PMID: 22074638 
  34. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Minutes of the 39th meeting of the Advisory Forum, Stockholm, 24-25 September 2014. Stockholm: ECDC; 2014. Available from: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/aboutus/governance/af/AF%20%20Meeting%20Minutes/Advisory-Forum-minutes-meeting-39.pdf
Standardised surveillance of Clostridium difficile infection in European acute care hospitals: a pilot study, 2013
<p class="citation"> <span>Citation style for this article:</span> <span class="meta-value authors"> <a href="/search?value1=Sofie+M+van+Dorp&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">van Dorp Sofie M</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Pete+Kinross&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Kinross Pete</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Petra+Gastmeier&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Gastmeier Petra</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Michael+Behnke&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Behnke Michael</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Axel+Kola&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Kola Axel</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Michel+Delm%C3%A9e&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Delmée Michel</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Anastasia+Pavelkovich&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Pavelkovich Anastasia</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Silja+Mentula&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Mentula Silja</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric+Barbut&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Barbut Frédéric</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Agnes+Hajdu&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Hajdu Agnes</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Andr%C3%A9+Ingebretsen&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Ingebretsen André</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Hanna+Pituch&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Pituch Hanna</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Ioana+S+Macovei&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Macovei Ioana S</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Milica+Jovanovi%C4%87&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Jovanović Milica</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Camilla+Wiuff&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Wiuff Camilla</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Daniela+Schmid&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Schmid Daniela</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Katharina+EP+Olsen&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Olsen Katharina EP</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Mark+H+Wilcox&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Wilcox Mark H</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Carl+Suetens&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Suetens Carl</a>, <a href="/search?value1=Ed+J+Kuijper&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">Kuijper Ed J</a>, <a href="/search?value1=for+the+European+Clostridium+difficile+Infection+Surveillance+Network+%28ECDIS-Net%29+on+behalf+of+all+participants&option1=author&noRedirect=true" class="nonDisambigAuthorLink">for the European Clostridium difficile Infection Surveillance Network (ECDIS-Net) on behalf of all participants</a></span>. Standardised surveillance of Clostridium difficile infection in European acute care hospitals: a pilot study, 2013. <a href="/content/ecdc">Euro Surveill.</a> 2016;21(29):pii=30293. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.29.30293" title="doi link" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.29.30293</a> <span class="ES_Article_citation"> <span class="generated">Received</span>: 21 Jan 2016;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="generated">Accepted</span>: 18 Mar 2016 </span> </p>
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.29.30293
/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.29.30293
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Submit comment
Close
Comment moderation successfully completed
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error