Emergence of a novel GII.17 norovirus – End of the GII.4 era?

M de Graaf; J van Beek; H Vennema; A T Podkolzin; J Hewitt; F Bucardo; K Templeton; J Mans; J Nordgren; G Reuter; M Lynch; L D Rasmussen; N Iritani; M C Chan; V Martella; K Ambert-Balay; J Vinjé; P A White; M P Koopmans

doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES2015.20.26.21178

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Emergence of a novel GII.17 norovirus – End of the GII.4 era?
M de Graaf¹ , J van Beek^1,2 , H Vennema² , A T Podkolzin³ , J Hewitt⁴ , F Bucardo⁵ , K Templeton⁶ , J Mans⁷ , J Nordgren⁸ , G Reuter⁹ , M Lynch¹⁰ , L D Rasmussen¹¹ , N Iritani¹² , M C Chan¹³ , V Martella¹⁴ , K Ambert-Balay¹⁵ , J Vinjé¹⁶ , P A White¹⁷ , M P Koopmans^1,2
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Affiliations: ¹ Erasmus MC, Department of Viroscience, Rotterdam, the Netherlands ² Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), the Netherlands ³ Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russia ⁴ Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Porirua, New Zealand ⁵ Department of Microbiology, University of Leon, Nicaragua ⁶ Department of Medical Microbiology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom ⁷ Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa ⁸ Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden ⁹ Regional Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Laboratory of Gastroenteric Viruses, ÁNTSZ Regional Institute of State Public Health Service, Pécs, Hungary ¹⁰ Department of Microbiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland ¹¹ Virology Surveillance and Research Section, Microbiological Diagnostics and Virology, Statens Serum Institut, Denmark ¹² Department of Microbiology, Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Tennoji-ku, Osaka, Japan ¹³ Department of Microbiology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, China ¹⁴ Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, Valenzano, Italy ¹⁵ National Reference Center for Enteric Viruses, Laboratory of Virology, CHU of Dijon, Dijon, France ¹⁶ Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States ¹⁷ School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

Correspondence:
M de Graaf
m.degraaf erasmusmc.nl
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Citation style for this article: de Graaf M, van Beek J, Vennema H, Podkolzin A T, Hewitt J, Bucardo F, Templeton K, Mans J, Nordgren J, Reuter G, Lynch M, Rasmussen L D, Iritani N, Chan M C, Martella V, Ambert-Balay K, Vinjé J, White P A, Koopmans M P. Emergence of a novel GII.17 norovirus – End of the GII.4 era?. Euro Surveill. 2015;20(26):pii=21178. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES2015.20.26.21178 Received: 09 Jun 2015

Abstract

In the winter of 2014/15 a novel GII.P17-GII.17 norovirus strain (GII.17 Kawasaki 2014) emerged, as a major cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks in China and Japan. Since their emergence these novel GII.P17-GII.17 viruses have replaced the previously dominant GII.4 genotype Sydney 2012 variant in some areas in Asia but were only detected in a limited number of cases on other continents. This perspective provides an overview of the available information on GII.17 viruses in order to gain insight in the viral and host characteristics of this norovirus genotype. We further discuss the emergence of this novel GII.P17-GII.17 norovirus in context of current knowledge on the epidemiology of noroviruses. It remains to be seen if the currently dominant norovirus strain GII.4 Sydney 2012 will be replaced in other parts of the world. Nevertheless, the public health community and surveillance systems need to be prepared in case of a potential increase of norovirus activity in the next seasons caused by this novel GII.P17-GII.17 norovirus.